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  CHANJYOW YN LYTHERENNANS 

Chanjyow soedhogel yn lytherennans gwrys a-dhia dhyllans 1997 a'n Gerlyver Kernewek Kemmyn.  Y koedh gul devnydh anedha yn dyllansow Biblek nowydh y’n termyn a dheu, mes ny vydh ‘Corrigenda’ gorrys yn lyvrow hwath dhe vos gwerthys.  Leverewgh dhyn mar pleg mar kodhowgh a janjyow erell: skrifewgh mar plek dhe bibelkernewek.  An re merkys gans * re beu kommendys a-gynsow, mes ny wodhon mar pydhons degemmerys.   

 

Dehwel dhe folennow erell a'n amendyansow: 
        Dehwel dhe folennow erell a'n amendyansow: 
        Testament Koth
        Aweylyow hag Oberow
        Epystlys ha Diskwedhyans
        Global changes

*dens

dyns

*dorn masc dorn fem

*dughan etc

duwan

*ryal

ryel

ryw

ruw

*sens

syns

*ystynna v.n.

ystynn v.n.

awktour

awtour

brewi brywi
brewyon brywyon
buluk (-genn) buthuk (-genn)

bynari

bynnari

bynytha

bynitha

chaptras pl.

chapters

dehwelans

dehwelyans

diharas

dihares

domhwelans domhwelyans
dug 'duke' duk

dustunya etc

dustunia

dustunyer

dustunier

dustunyow

dustuniow

dyewa

dyena

Dyw

Duw

gas (Eng. gas) gass

glorius

gloryus

 glyw 'intense' gluw

gonysyas

gonisyas

gorhemmynnis(3rd pers. sing. past)

gorhemmynnas

gormeula:

eu>e in unstressed (e.g. final) position, but eu when stressed.

gwahalieth

gwahalyeth

gwir vreus

gwirvreus

gwibes hwibes
gwibessa hwibessa?

gwystel

goestel

gyw 'lance', gew 'woe'

guw

heudhter

heudhder

kader

kasor ‘warrior’

kampoella kampoell

kaskergh

kaskyrgh

kenwystel kenwoestel

klas

klass

kolomm (collective)

kolomm (fem sing.; pl. -es)

kowethas masc kowethas fem
kreftor krefter
kyf  (Eng. stump) kev

kyfya

kyfi

lyter

lytras

maghtethyon

meghtythyon

medhyk medhek

ombareusi

eu>e in unstressed (e.g. final) position, but eu when stressed. Presumably this applies also in pareusi.

peldroes pel-droes

plosethes

plosedhes

Penkost Penkast (Lhuyd 3x - AB32, 116, 241 - mes gwell via skrifa Penkost y'n Bibel (TH44a du fencost, aspirated after 'dydh'), rag bos henna ogassa dhe'n Greka)

plu

pluw

podrethek

podredhek

podrethes

podredhes

poket pokket

provochya

provokya

pryson etc

prison

puptra pup-tra

revya

roevya

reydh

reyth ‘right, regular’

reyth

reydh ‘sex’

rywvanes ruvanes
rywvaneth ruvaneth ?

seren

oferenn

sylli pl. syllies syllienn -ow
tenewenn tenewen -now

terros

terroes

tevysek

tevesik

toth

toeth

trelya

treylya

treweythyow traweythyow

tryg

trig ‘low tide’

tryga etc

triga

vydh ‘any, ever’

vyth; also denvyth, dhenvyth travyth, dravyth etc.

vydholl

vytholl

warbarth war-barth

ynyal

enyal

  Dehwel dhe'n topp

   

Leveryans Ewn: Notenn rag Tus a Vynn Lenna yn Poblek.
HIRDER BOGALENNOW:
The normal rule is that in a stressed syllable followed by two consonants the vowel is short.  Before a single consonant it is either:

(a)    
long, in a monosyllable or the stressed final syll. of a polysyllable; or
(b)    
half long in the stressed punultimate (or earlier) syll. of a polysyllable.

Note the following:

  1. s + one consonant is preceded by a long or half-long vowel as if the pair were a single consonant, e.g.: distowgh, dyskans, grastal, gwisk, gwiska, hwesker, keskows; kestav, kostenn, Kristyon, system.
  2. Consonant + semi-consonant y count as a single consonant, preceded by a half-long vowel in a polysyllable, e.g.: dehwelyans, delinyans,diskwedhyans, displesya, displetya, gevyans, kemmeryans, kessydhyans, kisya, kolodhyon, megyans, travalya, tremenyas.  But semi-consonant w appears to count as a full consonant for this purpose, so prysweyth, myttinweyth are short.  Yet sybwydh is half long.
  3. Before a single semi-consonant w the vowel is short: golowi, growan, gwiw, gwiwer, Kernewek, kevywi, kewar, lywyer, sawer, towell. But before y, An Gerlyvrik appears to regard y as forming a diphthong, and not as a semi-vowel: araya,assaya, gwaya, obaya. 
  4. Before a final consonant pair separated by an epenthetic (helping) vowel (svarabhakti). the vowel is short: banow, edhen, hager, hwedhel, hwerow, lader, marow, medhow, salow, sidhel, tarow. But An Gerlyvrik  shows galow, garow, gwedhow, hweger, karow, lyver as half long (why? Is it an error? They are in the list on p.74 of PSRC.)

 RELEXIVE OM-  
This is pronounced as o in stress: omdowl, omladh, omdhoen/omdheg ‘conceive’.
When not stressed it is pronounced as the indistinct vowel schwa (as e in English bitten): omguntell, omwul, omdhoen/omdhug ‘behave’.
When half stressed it is pronounced as o: omdhisoedha, omdhiskwedhes, omdhiserri, omgemmeryans.  

Comments please to bibel.kernewek

Dehwel dhe'n topp

 


 

 

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