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AN DEG GORHEMMYNN - THE TEN COMMANDMENTS

 (EKSODUS 20.1-17)

1. John Boson.  Penzance MS. (ed. Nance, OC.V.9, 1958; yma dyllans gwell yn Padel, CWBF).  Yma dasskrif anodho yn skrif Ustick yn Gw. ff 96v, 97v, 98v.). Hemm yw vershyon Nance:

A DEG GWRA DEIU      )
The Ten doings of God     ) alias Ten Commandements.
Deiu Cowsas Gerria ma ha lavaraz - Thom guz
  Arleth Deiu Reg dro whei Meas vrt Tir Egypt
  ha Meas vrt Chei an Kaithes

1st.  Na reau gauas Deiu veth aral buz ve.
2d.  Na reau gwra tha guz vonyn weal trehis vith na haval traveth en Neue avorra, na en Aor a wollas na en dour dadn an Aor, na reau pleghie dothans na worria dothans, Rag ve guz Arleth Deiu om Deiu guir a vonyn tha tralia Peha an Tazow vor an fleaz tha an Tridgia ha Padjurra hinneth vorn gi na el pertha ve, ha deskeutha Trueth da Milliow vorn gi es kara ve, ha gwitha gerria ve.
3d. Na reau Kamer Hanow guz Arleth Deiu en Ganow heb ortham, Rag na vedn an Arleth sendg e heb Pe ra kamer e hanow en ganow heb ortham
4th. Kova tha gwitha benigas De Zil, weeah Jorna Ra whei gwra weal, ha gwra menz es thees tha guil, buz an sithas deth eu Zil benigas guz Arleth Deiu ena ha ra whei gwra ehal weal, whei na guz mab na Mer na guz dean weal na Moas weal na guz Chattell na an vnthut bar guz dariow Rag en wheeah Jorna an Arleth gwraza Neue an Aor a More, ha menz es ena ha pouesas an Sithas deth Rag hedda an Arleth Benaz an Sithas deth ha Sonaz a
5. Worria guz Seera ha Dama el guz Dethiow beth pel vor an Tir es res thees gen guz Arleth Deiu
6th. Na reau Latha Mab Dean
7th. Na reau Crovetha gen gwreg Dean Aral.
8th. Na reau Laddra
9th. Na reau Tia gou vor pidn guz Contrevack
10th. Na reau gauaz hirrath vor ler Chei guz Contrevack [na] hirrath vor ler gwreg guz Contrevack.  Na e gwaz na [e] Moas na e udgian Na e Rozan, Na Traveth es peth eue

2. Wella Rowe (William Kerew)  Gw 97r, 98r, 99r
The same from a Manuscript of Matthew Row's
of Hendra in Sancreed. by Wm Kerew.
An deeg Lavaraw da Deew.
Tho ve an Arleth da Deew reg da dry meaze veza
pow Egypt ha veza Choy o Chee Gossel.   
And God spake all those Words saying, I am the Ld
thy God wch brought Thee out of the Land of Egypt
out of the House of Bondage.

1.  Na'ra Chee gowas na hene Deew poz Vee.
2.  Na'ra Chee geel theeza dah honen Image 
A wethan, na mean ew Haval da Travethal
Eze en a Neau a warrah na en 'oare a ollaz,
 na en Dawre ez en dadn en oare: Na ra 
Chee pledgee thenze; Rag Vee da Deew  bone=
=gath vedn boaze engros gen a Chee ha Com=
=poza Cabm with'e an zeera war an Flehaz
da a'n dridga ha boswerha Heeneth a Rima
 ne geeze ort a hara, ha shoyah Bednath war
 villiaw a eze ort a Kara, ha gweetha o -
 Lavarow.
3.  Na'ra Chee komerras Hannaw Deew en
vaine, Rag na vedn an Arleth gon cawas
en paraves rag comeras e Hannow en vaine.
4.  Peedere da gwetha an Zeeleva bonegath, whee
Jorna Chee ra geele wheal ha geele a peth
ez theeze tha weele:  Rag an Zivthaz Deeth
ew an Zeele an Arleth Deew; eta na ra geall            ena [written above eta]
zorth veth a wheele, Chee na da Vab, na
Verth, na da Dean na da Voze, na gattal, na
da Dean anketh, na dra eza goye da vozou:
Rag en whee Jorna an Arleth a wraze Neue,
ha'n Oare, ha an Môre, ha menze ez ena ha
boaz an Zithvaz Deeth, ha'n gwraze ew da.
5.  Gwra mere da Zeerah ha da Dama, malga
da Deethow booze heer en powe reg an Taaze
da Deew ry theeze -
6,  Na'ra Chee latha Deneth,
7,  Na'ra Chee gorwetha gen gwreeg tha
Contrevack.
8,  Na'ra Chee ladra.
9,  Na'ra Chee boaz faulz teaze bedn ta Contrevack          tha [written above ta]
10,  Na’ra Chee covityah gwreeg da Contrevack,
na'ra Chee covityah choye da Contrevack, na e
Gossel, na e Voze, na e Edgan, na e Varth
na Travethal beaw a vee.
Deew A Comere massy waren ha screffa ol da
Lavarow ett a gon Colonow.  Andelara bo.

 3. Thomas Boson, 1710.  Gw 107r, 108r
Deag Laver deu.
Deu a Couzas an geryou ma, ha Lavaras,  Tho ve de Arlith Deu

1:  Naras gouas na hene Deu buz ve
2:  Nares gule do de wynnen tra garoules vith, na havelle
 traveth es en Nefe a warrah, po en Norea wolas, po en
dour dadn an Nore, Narase plegy en dore dothans, na ge                  
worry Ey, rag ve de Arlith deu, ome deu o whonen, ha
vedne dry pehazo an Tazo war an flehas, treleba a 
trugga han pagwera henath a nebma na Ello perthe 
ve, ha disquethas truath do milliou es o Carra ve,
ha guetha o Lavarro.
3 -  Naras hanwall de Arlith Deu heb oatham, rag
na vedn an Arlith gave do Neb ra E hanwelle heb 
oatham
4 -  Perh co tra te guetha a Suile begenas, wheha deth te
ra guile whele, ha guil mens es des do wele, bus an
Sithas deth eu an Suil de Arlith deu nena naras guil
whele vith, te, na de mabe, na de Merth, de Guas, na de
maiteth, de Chattol, na an vncouth es guy de yettes, rag
an wheha deth, an Arlith guras Nefe, ha Nore, an More,  
ha mens tra es ittanz; ha reg poaz an sithas deth, ra 
hedna an Arlith reig guil an sithvas deth benigas ha 
Euhall benigas;
5 - Grua worry de Taz, ha de vam, mol de dethyo boz pel En       perthi  plegy [superscript]
Tereath neba regul de Arlith Due ry dez; 
6 - Te naras Latha denvith;
7 - Te naras Crewetha gen grueage de contrevack;
8 - Te naras Laddra;
9 - Te naras ty gou warbedn den vith;
x - Te naras gouas hirrath rag chuy de Contrevack, na rag 
  --  guas hirrath rag Greage de Contrevack, na E guaz, na 
Maiteth, na de ouggan, na E Rouzan, na neb tra es do de 
Contrevack;
Arlith, kebmer Truath war a ny, ha skreifa ol rima de laverrou
en gen Collonou ny, ny a peige, Amen.

[Notenn war folenn Gwavas 108v:]
The Ten Comandments -
Lords pray -
And
Creed Translated into 
Cornish by Mr. Tho:
Boson. anno Dni
1710 -

 4. Anonymous. Gw 106r
An Deg Gura: Deu

1st. Ti na fedh ken Deu byz me - - -
2d. Ti na gura1 dha vynnyn Huil2 terhis3 veth, na Haval
der Traveth es en Neu avortha4, na en Aor a Golaz5, 
na en Dour es dadn an Aor, Ti na ras Pleghe dha rina, 
na Gura Gurthy6; Rag me, Arleth Deu, eu Deu Guir a 
vynnyn; Dha Gura dh'em Pehosou an Tazo var an -
Fleyas dha an Tredzha, ha an Padzhura Hynnyth na el
Pertha vi; Diskuetha Triuadh var Miliou neb es Kara,
ha Kuitha ma gura=Deu.7 - - - - -
3d. Ti na kameras Hanou an Arleth Deu en Ganau heb
Ortham, Rag an Arleth na Sindz' ea heb Peh; neb
es Kamar'e Hanau en Ganau hep Ortham - - -
4th. Ti Ra Kovy8 dha kuitha benigas Dezil; Huih dydh
ti gura Huil, ha gura mens es dh'ys dha guil, byz an
Seithas Dydh eu an zil benigas Arleth Deu, enna ti na
Gura ehal a Huil, Ti na goz mab, na goz Merh na goz Guas                        
na goz Mahtheid, na gos chattal, na Dean vnchuth, na                 Anival [written above chattal]
travith es bar tshei gos Gettes, Rag en huih dydh an Arleth
guras an Neu, an Aor, a Mor, ha mens es ena, ha Pouesaz an
seithas dydh, rag hedna an Arleth guras an Seithas -
Jurna benigas, ha Sonaz. - - - - -
5th. Ti guras Gurthy dha goz Sira, ha Dama, Rag goz 
Dydhiou bos pel var an Tir es Res dh'ys gans Arleth 
Deu. - - - - - - - - - -
6. Ti na ras Ladha Mab Dean - - - - -
7 Ti na ras Crovetha gans Gureg Dean aral - -
8 Ti na ras Ladra - - - - - - -
9 Ti na ras Tiah Gou erbyn de Kyntrevak - -
10 Ti na ras Gouas Hirrath var ler tshei de Kyntrevak {Later insertion: na ras gauas hirrath rag Gureg
goz Kontrevak] 
na e Dean Huil, na e Mose Huil, na e vdzheon, na e Rozan
na travith ez peth e'ue - - - - -

pronounce 1 wra - 2 weal - 3 trehis - 4 avorra - 5 wolas - 6 worthy - 7 wra=Deu angl
Gods doing - 8 - kevy

5. T.Boson, J.Boson, O.Pender, W.Gwavas.  Gw 111r,v,112r.  
[Notennow gans W.Gwavas.]


commands-          An Deg Lehazan Dew.
arhadou.
Gurhemynadou
or
Gura-mynny
or
deskadureth
                        Deu a Cowzas an Gerriou ryma, -
                        ha Lavaraz, Tho ve an Arleth, de
                        Deu.
Erel.                 1st. Te ra gauas, na +hene Deuyou, buz ve.
                        2 Na raz geil do de whonnan Tra -
Image./            garoules veth, na havell Traveth es
Delu, or, Avain  en Nefe awartha, po en doar a -
Trehez - -   /     wolaz, po en dower dadn an 'aor
dothens            na ras plegy an dor +do rina, na -
                        ge 'worry, Rag Tho ve an Arleth, -
                        De Deu, ov Deu guiz a whonnan,
                        ha vedn dry pehazo a'n Tazo war an
                        Flehaz, Treleba an Tridga ha pagwera
                        henath, neb ma na ello pertha ve, ha
                        disquethas truath do Miliou neb es a
                        kara ve, ha gwitha ou Lavarro.
                    3. Na raz cauas hanno an Arleth
                        do Deu heb oatham, rag an
                        Arleth na vedn e kava heb
dibeh -             pehaz, neb ra cawas E hanno -
                        heb oatham.
                        4. Perh Ko tra Te gwitha benigas
                        an Dèth Sabbath, wheha dethio -
                        Te ra geil huèl, ha geil mens es -
                        des do geil, buz an Seithas dèth eu
                        an Sabbath a'n Arleth de Deu, -
                        en=na na ras geil whele veth, Te,
                        ha de Mab, ha de Merh, De Gwaz,
                        ha De Maithez, de Chattall, ha 
                        Dean uncouth, leb es gyi de Yettes.                    porthou
                        Rag en wheha dêthiou an Arleth gurâz
                        Nefe ha'n 'aor, an Mor, ha menz tra
                        es ittanz. ha rig poaz an Seithas deth,
                        rag hedna an Arleth rig geil an -
                        Seithas dêth benigas, ha e Sonaz. -
hyula/perthi       5 Gurà worry de Taz, ha de Mam, mal de
+boz or vo        dèthio +bêns pel var an Tir Neb an
bethens heir      Arleth de Deu es Reiz dez
hier or hir         
+na raz              6 +Te na ra Latha Den veth.
                        7 Te na raz Crewetha, gen Gurêg, a'n Dean
                        arall -
                        8 Na raz Laddra
                        9 Na raz Tiah Gou, warbidn de Contrevack.
                        10 Te na ra Gauas hirrath, rag Chy de
                        Contrevack, Na raz gauas hirrath,
                        rag Gurêg de Contrevack, na E Dean
                        huêl, na E moze wheal, na E Udzheon,
                        na E Rouzan, na traveth peth eu
                        E. -
                        Arleth kebmer truath war
                        a Ny, ha Sceifa [sic] ol de renna -
Leha                 rima De +Lavarrou en gyn -
                        Collonou ni, Nei a Peige.
                                                An dellna ra bo 

6. John Keigwin. Gw113r,113v, 114r

 An giryow       Me yw an Arluth thy Dew neb
war                  as droz the ves an Tyr Mitzrayim
rage an             the ves an chy habadin
dek aradow     
               An dek aradow
1 Te nyn vyth thys dew mes me.
2. Te nyn wra thy honon havalder trehys
vyth: nyn havalder a travyth: es yn
nef a wartha; nyn oar awolas nyn
dowr es yn dan an oar; te nyn ras
pleghi the rimma; nyn dege colon
dib[u?]r the remma, rag me an Arluth
thy dew, yw dew a  sor; ha vyn towle
pehosow an tasow war an ffledgiow
bys an tresa; han peswera denythyans
mes vyn disquethas kerense the millyow
an neb es ow cara, ha es gwithe
ow germynadow
3 Te nyn ras towle hannaw an Arluth
thy dew the skul: rag an Arluth nyn
syns hemma lehal neb es towle y
hannaw the skul
4 Perh goh the gwithe sans an dyth sabbat
sabboth; gw wh[?e]yh dyth te wra
whel; hag a wra myns es thys
the wyll: mes a sythvas dyth yw an
Sabbath an Arluth thy Dew.  in dyth
na ti nyn wra ehan a whill: ty nyn
thy vab nyn thy mergh; nnyn thy
 den whel; nyn thy moz; ny  thy            [written above moz for insertion:] whel
lowdnow; nyn thy dean uncouth: nyn
travyth es yn barth chy thy darazou  [possibly darazow -  final letter partly hidden by binding]
rag yn wheyh dyth; Dew a wraz
an nef, han oar; han more; ha myns
es ythens y; ha powesas an seythvas
dyth rag henna ef a benegas an
seythvas dyth hag an ughelehas
5 Te ra dege colon debour trog thy Taz,
ha thy mam, mollough thy dythyow
bos hyr yn tyr es reys thys gans
an Arluth thy dew
6 Te nyn ras latha mab den
7 Te nyn ras cowethe gans gwrek den arall
vyth: 8,[sic] te nyn ras laddra 9th te nyn
ras cows ger gow erbyn thy contrevek
10 Te nyn kemer hyrath warlyrgh chy thy
contrevek; nyn warlirgh y gwrek thy
wrek, nyn war. lyrgh y dean whel: nyn
war lyrgh y maythys nyn y udgan
nyn y asen nyn na travyth an pew ef
kemer truath a hanyn Dew mer ha scrif
ol remma thy haradow parth chy agan
colonnow          ny thy bys 

7, 8. William Pryce, Archeologia Cornu-Britannica, 1790
Two versions, ‘ancient’ (cf Keigwin, no. 6) and ‘modern’. Davies Gilbert published a copy of Pryce's versions in his Creation of the World.
Dhiworth Davies Gilbert, Creation of the World,1827. f.194:

[Ancient version]

THE TEN COMMANDMENTS,
IN CORNISH.

[Modern version]

THE TEN COMMANDMENTS, IN CORNISH.

 

AN DEK ARADOW

AN DEK GURAMINADOW DEW.

Dew a cowzas an gerriow remma ha lavarraz 

 

I Me yw an Arluth thy Dew, neb es droz the vez an tyr Mitzraim the ves an chy habadin.

tho ve an Arleth de Dew, neb a d'roz dez vez a'n tyr Mizraim, vez an c'hy gwasanaeth.

 

II Te nyn vyth thys Dewyow eraill mez me.

Na ra chec gwas Dewyow eraill mez ve

 

II The nyn' wra thys honon havalder trehys vyth, nyn havalder a travyth es yn nef a wartha, nyn oar a wollas nyn dowr es yn dan an oar; to nyn ras pleghy the remma, nyn dege colon debar the remma ; rag me an Arluth thy Dew, yw Dew a sor, ha vyn towle pehosow an tarow war a ffledgiow bys an tresa, ha'n peswerra denythyans, mes vyn disquethas kerense, the milliow an nebes ow cara, ha esgwithe ow germynadow. 

Na ra chee geil do de honan havalder trehez vyth, na havalder a'n travyth, es en nef a wartha, po en' oar a wollaz, po en dowr dadn an oar; na ra chee plegy an dor dothynz, na ge worry, rag tho ve an Arleth do Dew, on Dew a syr,t a dry pehazow an tazo war an fflehaz trelebba an tridga, ha padgwerra henath; nebma na ello pertha ve, ha disquethes truath do milliow neb' ez a cara ve, ha gwitha ow gurhemynadow. 

 

III Te nyn ras towle hannow an Arluth thy Dew the skul, rag an Arluth nyn sync hemma Leal, neb es towle y hannow the skul. 

Na ra chee kymeraz hanno an Arleth de Dew heb otham, rag an Arleth na vedn sinzhy  dipeh, neb es komeras e hanno en gwag.

 

IV Perhgoh the gwithe sanz an dyth Sabboth; whey dythiow te wra whel hag a wra myns es thys the' wyll, mez an sythvas dyth yw an Sabboth a°n Arluth thy Dew, yn dyth na te nyn °wra ehan a whel; te nyn thy vab, nyn thy mergh, nyn thy den whel, nyn thy moz whel, nyn thy lodnow, nyn thy dean uncouth, nyn travyth es yn barth chy thy darazow. Rag yn whegh dythyow Dew a' wras an net', ha°n oar, ha'n more ha myns es ythens y, ha poweses an seytheras dyth, hag an ughelchas. 

Periko tra chee gwitha sanz an dyth Sabbath, whey dythiow chee' wra wheel, ha' wra mens es deez do geil, mez an seithas dyth yw an Sabbath a'n Arleth de Dew, enna chee ma wra ehana wheel, chee, ha de mab, ha de merh, de gwaz, ha de maithez, de lodnow, ha dean uncouth lebes gyi de porthow. Rag en what dythyow, an Arheth a°wraz nef, ha'n oar, an mor, ha mens tra es ettans, ha powesas an seithvas deth, raghedna an Arleth a benigas an seithvas dyth ha rig geil e zanz. 

 

V Te ra dege colon debour trog thy taz, ha thy mam; mollough thy dythyow boz hyr yn tyr, es reys thys ganz an Arluth thy Dew.

 

Gwra perthy de taz, ha de mam, mal de dythiow bethenz hyr war an tyr, neb an Arleth de Dew ryes dees.

 

 

VI Te nyn ras latha mab ben.

Na ra chee latha dean veth.

 

VII Te nyn ras cowetha gans gwrek, den arall vyth. 

Na ra chee gorwetha gen gwreg a'n dean arall. 

 

VIII Te nyn ras laddra.

 

Na ra chee laddra.

 

 

IX Te nyn ras cows ger gow erbyn thy contrevak. *
* Or gowak. 

Na raz tiah gow warbidn de contrevak.

 

 

X Te nyn kymmer hyrath warlyrgh chy thy contrevak, nyn warlyrgh y gwrek nyn warlyrgh dean whel, nyn warlyrgh y maythys, nyn y udgian, nyn y a'sen, na na travyth an pew ef.

Na ra chee gawas 'whanz warlyrgh chy de contrevak, na ras gawas chwanz warlyrgh gwreg de contrevak, na e doan wheel, na e moze wheal, na e udzheon, na e rounzan, na travyth peth yw e.

Kemer truath a honyn Dew mer ha serif ol remma thy haradow parth chy agan colonnow, ny thy bys,

Yn hannow a'n taz, ha'n mab, ha'n spyris sans, an dellna ra bo.

Arlwyth, kebmer* truath war a ny, ha screpha ol remma de arandow parth chy agan colonow, ny a peidgy thyz, an dellna ra bo.†

* Kymer
† War Matthew zans pen 19th Gwers, 16, 17, "Mar menta moaz heb dynath dho bew," &c.

 

 

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